Neo2 ist ein spezeiell für die deutsche Sprache entwickeltes, ergonomisch optimiertes Tastaturlayout.
Allerdings wird es nicht nur wegen seiner besseren Buchstabenverteilung geschätzt, sodern vorallem wegen den zusätzlichen Ebenen – z.B. ist auf der QWERTZ Caps-Lock- und #-Taste eine Ebene speziell mit Sonderzeichen, ideal für Programmierer. So sind die Klammern und Schrägstriche {}[]()<>\/ sehr einfach zugänglich und man muss keine AltGr-Verrenckungen vollführen.
Auch die Ebenen mit mathematischen Symbolen und griechischen Buchstaben sind überaus praktisch (Caps+Shift+a ergibt Alpha).
Ich war nicht an den Buchstabenverteilungen interessiert, weil meine Schreibgeschwindigkeit mit QWERTZ bereits mehr als ausreichend ist, aber die zusätzlichen Ebenen musste ich haben (wer braucht schon Caps-Lock). Dementsprechend habe ich kurzerhand das per Default vorhandene neo-Layout unter den deutschen Layouts in /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/de kopiert (in derselben Datei), es auf neoq umbenannt und die Buchstaben in den Ebenen auf die klassische QWERTZ-Verteilungen geändert.
Hier der zusätzliche Abschnitt in /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/de
// German Neo-Layout Version 2 - MODIFIED with QWERTZ 2016
// adopted 2004 by Hanno Behrens <Hanno.Behrens@gmx.de>
// inspired by Dvorak/de-ergo http://www.goebel-consult.de/de-ergo/
//
// Authors:
// Stephan Hilb <stephan at ehilb dot de>
// <lucky at zankt dot net>
// Benjamin Kellermann <Benjamin dot Kellermann at gmx dot Germany>
// Erik Streb <mail at erikstreb dot de>
// and many other contributors
//
// http://www.neo-layout.org
//
// Half is qwertz
partial alphanumeric_keys modifier_keys keypad_keys
xkb_symbols "neoq_base" {
// Levels in Neo jargon
// --------------------------------------------------------------
// Ebene 1: normal
// Ebene 2: Shift
// Ebene 3: Mod3
// Ebene 4: Mod4 (for marking something use Shift + Mod4)
// Ebene 5: Shift + Mod3
// Ebene 6: Mod3 + Mod4
// Compose (not a level): Mod3 + Tab
// Feststelltaste (Capslock): Shift + Shift
// Mod4-Lock: Mod4 + Mod4
// Mod4-Lock: Shift + Mod3 + Tab
// Legend
// ===============
// Levels in Xkbmap jargon to be found here in the definitions.
// These are the levels used, and Xorg's translations:
// --------------------------------------------------------------
// Xorg: Level1 Level2 Level3 Level4 Level5 Level6 Level7 Level8
// Neo: Ebene1 Ebene2 Ebene3 Ebene5 Ebene4 Pseudo-Ebene Ebene6 ???
// Keys (Neo): None Shift Mod3 Mod3 + Shift Mod4 Mod4 + Shift Mod3 + Mod4 Mod3 + Mod4 + Shift
// Alphanumeric-keys
// ===============
key.type[Group1] = "EIGHT_LEVEL";
// Tab as Multi_key (Compose)
// --------------------------------------------------------------
key <TAB> { [ Tab, ISO_Left_Tab, Multi_key, ISO_Level5_Lock, NoSymbol, NoSymbol, NoSymbol, ISO_Level5_Lock ] };
// Number row
// --------------------------------------------------------------
key <TLDE> { [ dead_circumflex, dead_caron, U21BB, U02DE, dead_abovedot, Pointer_EnableKeys, dead_belowdot, NoSymbol ] };
key <AE01> { [ 1, degree, onesuperior, onesubscript, ordfeminine, NoSymbol, notsign, NoSymbol ] };
key <AE02> { [ 2, section, twosuperior, twosubscript, masculine, NoSymbol, logicalor, NoSymbol ] };
key <AE03> { [ 3, U2113, threesuperior, threesubscript, numerosign, NoSymbol, logicaland, NoSymbol ] };
key <AE04> { [ 4, guillemotright, U203A, femalesymbol, NoSymbol, NoSymbol, U22A5, NoSymbol ] };
key <AE05> { [ 5, guillemotleft, U2039, malesymbol, periodcentered, NoSymbol, U2221, NoSymbol ] };
key <AE06> { [ 6, dollar, cent, U26A5, sterling, NoSymbol, U2225, NoSymbol ] };
key <AE07> { [ 7, EuroSign, yen, U03F0, currency, NoSymbol, rightarrow, NoSymbol ] };
key <AE08> { [ 8, doublelowquotemark, singlelowquotemark, U27E8, Tab, ISO_Left_Tab, U221E, NoSymbol ] };
key <AE09> { [ 9, leftdoublequotemark, leftsinglequotemark, U27E9, KP_Divide, KP_Divide, variation, NoSymbol ] };
key <AE10> { [ 0, rightdoublequotemark, rightsinglequotemark, zerosubscript, KP_Multiply, KP_Multiply, emptyset, NoSymbol ] };
key <AE11> { [ ssharp, emdash, NoSymbol, U2011, KP_Subtract, KP_Subtract, hyphen, NoSymbol ] };
key <AE12> { [ dead_acute, dead_cedilla, dead_abovering, dead_dasia, dead_diaeresis, NoSymbol, dead_macron, NoSymbol ] };
// Top row
// --------------------------------------------------------------
key.type[Group1] = "EIGHT_LEVEL_SEMIALPHABETIC";
key <AD01> { [ q, Q, ellipsis, U03D5, Prior, Prior, U211A, NoSymbol ] };
key <AD02> { [ w, W, underscore, Greek_omega, BackSpace, BackSpace, Greek_OMEGA, NoSymbol ] };
key <AD03> { [ e, E, bracketleft, Greek_epsilon, Up, Up, U2203, NoSymbol ] };
key <AD04> { [ r, R, bracketright, Greek_rho, Delete, Delete, U211D, NoSymbol ] };
key <AD05> { [ t, T, asciicircum, Greek_tau, Next, Next, partialderivative, NoSymbol ] };
key <AD06> { [ z, Z, exclam, Greek_zeta, exclamdown, NoSymbol, U2124, NoSymbol ] };
key <AD07> { [ u, U, less, NoSymbol, KP_7, KP_7, includedin, NoSymbol ] };
key <AD08> { [ i, I, greater, Greek_iota, KP_8, KP_8, integral, NoSymbol ] };
key <AD09> { [ o, O, equal, Greek_omicron, KP_9, KP_9, elementof, NoSymbol ] };
key <AD10> { [ p, P, ampersand, Greek_pi, KP_Add, KP_Add, Greek_PI, NoSymbol ] };
key <AD11> { [ udiaeresis, Udiaeresis, U017F, Greek_finalsmallsigma, U2212, NoSymbol, union, NoSymbol ] };
key.type[Group1] = "EIGHT_LEVEL";
key <AD12> { [ plus, dead_tilde, dead_stroke, dead_psili, dead_doubleacute, NoSymbol, dead_breve, NoSymbol ] };
// Middle row
// --------------------------------------------------------------
key.type[Group1] = "EIGHT_LEVEL_SEMIALPHABETIC";
key <AC01> { [ a, A, backslash, Greek_alpha, Home, Home, U2200, NoSymbol ] };
key <AC02> { [ s, S, slash, Greek_sigma, Left, Left, Greek_SIGMA, NoSymbol ] };
key <AC03> { [ d, D, braceleft, Greek_delta, Down, Down, Greek_DELTA, NoSymbol ] };
key <AC04> { [ f, F, braceright, Greek_phi, Right, Right, Greek_PHI, NoSymbol ] };
key <AC05> { [ g, G, asterisk, Greek_gamma, End, End, Greek_GAMMA, NoSymbol ] };
key <AC06> { [ h, H, question, Greek_psi, questiondown, NoSymbol, Greek_PSI, NoSymbol ] };
key <AC07> { [ j, J, parenleft, Greek_theta, KP_4, KP_4, Greek_THETA, NoSymbol ] };
key <AC08> { [ k, K, parenright, Greek_kappa, KP_5, KP_5, multiply, NoSymbol ] };
key <AC09> { [ l, L, minus, Greek_lambda, KP_6, KP_6, Greek_LAMBDA, NoSymbol ] };
key <AC10> { [ odiaeresis, Odiaeresis, colon, NoSymbol, KP_Separator, comma, intersection, NoSymbol ] };
key <AC11> { [ adiaeresis, Adiaeresis, at, Greek_upsilon, period, KP_Decimal, U2135, NoSymbol ] };
// Bottom row
// --------------------------------------------------------------
key <AB01> { [ y, Y, numbersign, Greek_upsilon, Escape, Escape, nabla, NoSymbol ] };
key <AB02> { [ x, X, dollar, Greek_xi, Tab, Tab, Greek_XI, NoSymbol ] };
key <AB03> { [ c, C, bar, Greek_chi, Insert, Insert, U2102, NoSymbol ] };
key <AB04> { [ v, V, asciitilde, NoSymbol, Return, Return, radical, NoSymbol ] };
key <AB05> { [ b, B, grave, Greek_beta, Undo, Redo, U21D0, NoSymbol ] };
key <AB06> { [ n, N, plus, Greek_nu, colon, NoSymbol, U2115, NoSymbol ] };
key <AB07> { [ m, M, percent, Greek_mu, KP_1, KP_1, ifonlyif, NoSymbol ] };
key.type[Group1] = "EIGHT_LEVEL";
key <AB08> { [ comma, endash, quotedbl, U03F1, KP_2, KP_2, U21D2, NoSymbol ] };
key <AB09> { [ period, enfilledcircbullet, apostrophe, U03D1, KP_3, KP_3, U21A6, NoSymbol ] };
key.type[Group1] = "EIGHT_LEVEL_SEMIALPHABETIC";
key <AB10> { [ minus, underscore, semicolon, Greek_theta, semicolon, NoSymbol, Greek_THETA, NoSymbol ] };
key.type[Group1] = "EIGHT_LEVEL";
// Space key
// --------------------------------------------------------------
key <SPCE> { [ space, space, space, nobreakspace, KP_0, KP_0, U202F, NoSymbol ] };
// Keypad-keys
// ===============
// The former Numlock key:
key <NMLK> { [ Tab, ISO_Left_Tab, equal, approxeq, notequal, Pointer_EnableKeys, identical, NoSymbol ] };
// Topmost row
// --------------------------------------------------------------
key <KPDV> { [ KP_Divide, KP_Divide, division, U2300, U2215, NoSymbol, U2223, NoSymbol ] };
key <KPMU> { [ KP_Multiply, KP_Multiply, U22C5, U2299, multiply, NoSymbol, U2297, NoSymbol ] };
key <KPSU> { [ KP_Subtract, KP_Subtract, U2212, U2296, U2216, NoSymbol, U2238, NoSymbol ] };
// Top row
// --------------------------------------------------------------
key <KP7> { [ KP_7, U2714, U2195, U226A, KP_Home, KP_Home, upstile, NoSymbol ] };
key <KP8> { [ KP_8, U2718, uparrow, intersection, KP_Up, KP_Up, U22C2, NoSymbol ] };
key <KP9> { [ KP_9, dagger, U20D7, U226B, KP_Prior, KP_Prior, U2309, NoSymbol ] };
key <KPAD> { [ KP_Add, KP_Add, plusminus, U2295, U2213, NoSymbol, U2214, NoSymbol ] };
// Middle row
// --------------------------------------------------------------
key <KP4> { [ KP_4, club, leftarrow, includedin, KP_Left, KP_Left, U2286, NoSymbol ] };
key <KP5> { [ KP_5, EuroSign, colon, U22B6, KP_Begin, KP_Begin, U22B7, NoSymbol ] };
key <KP6> { [ KP_6, U2023, rightarrow, includes, KP_Right, KP_Right, U2287, NoSymbol ] };
// Bottom row
// --------------------------------------------------------------
key <KP1> { [ KP_1, diamond, U2194, lessthanequal, KP_End, KP_End, downstile, NoSymbol ] };
key <KP2> { [ KP_2, heart, downarrow, union, KP_Down, KP_Down, U22C3, NoSymbol ] };
key <KP3> { [ KP_3, U2660, U21CC, greaterthanequal, KP_Next, KP_Next, U230B, NoSymbol ] };
key <KPEN> { [ KP_Enter, KP_Enter, KP_Enter, KP_Enter, KP_Enter, KP_Enter, KP_Enter, NoSymbol ] };
key <KPEQ> { [ KP_Equal, NoSymbol, NoSymbol, NoSymbol, NoSymbol, NoSymbol, NoSymbol, NoSymbol ] };
// Bottommost row
// --------------------------------------------------------------
key <KP0> { [ KP_0, U2423, percent, U2030, KP_Insert, KP_Insert, U25A1, NoSymbol ] };
key <KPDL> { [ KP_Separator, period, comma, minutes, KP_Delete, KP_Delete, seconds, NoSymbol ] };
};
partial alphanumeric_keys modifier_keys keypad_keys
xkb_symbols "neoq" {
include "de(neoq_base)"
name[Group1]= "German (NeoQ 2)";
include "shift(both_capslock)"
include "level3(caps_switch)"
include "level3(bksl_switch)"
include "level5(lsgt_switch)"
include "level5(ralt_switch)"
};
Damit dieses Layout erkannt wird, müssen noch in /etc/X11/xkb/rules folgende Dateien bearbeitet werden (die Synthax ist selbsterklärend – einfach den neo-Eintrag kopieren und auf neoq ändern):
- base.lst
- base.xml
- evdev.lst
- evdev.xml
Anschließend sollte das neue neoq Tataturlayout in den Tastatureinstellungen vorhanden sein und kann nun verwendet werden.
Unter Windows gibt es mit NeoVar übrigens ein portables Programm, welches das Neo-Layout umsetzt und auch die Option hat, die Buchstabenverteilung bei QWERTZ zu belassen.
drak
Free Software Foundation
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