Most are speed ratings:
The "3" in the "U" shape: the Ultra High Speed Class rating. Class 3 means 30MB/s.
There's often another number (like 10) in a circle next to it. This is the old-school Speed Class rating, 10 standing for 10MB/s.
"A2" is the Application Performance Class: unlike the speed classes above, this guarantees a sustainable sequential write speed of 20MB/s.
"V30" stands for Video Speed Class: again 30MB/s.
At least 1TB and MicroSDXC are obvious 😂