@RomanticAcademic @bgcarlisle At the school where I did my undergrad, there was a strong "Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program", which placed students in labs where they could work for course credit or for pay. Your school may have a similar office.
If you can find someone who is working on a topic you think is exciting, that's the hardest part done. Many researchers have a backlog of ideas they'd like to try out but haven't the time, and those can yield good research topics for students.