« Converting your apartment to solar power doesn’t make you “100% sustainable”. Fossil fuels are used to produce solar panels and batteries. The electricity I generate is likely more CO2-intensive per kWh than Spanish grid electricity, especially since my panels and batteries are manufactered in China. The only reason why my system is more sustainable than using grid electricity is because it forces me to lower electricity use considerably. »
https://solar.lowtechmagazine.com/2016/05/how-to-go-off-grid-in-your-apartment.html